英语中有许多不规则动词,它们不能简单通过加ed来获得过去式,你知道的这些不规则动词有哪些呢?看看下面的不规则动词变化大全,查漏补缺吧!
★记忆法一:常见93个不规则动词的变化规律归纳如下:
一、AAA型,即原形、过去式和过去分词三者都相同。(共9个)
costcostcost
cutcutcut
hithithithurthurthurt
letletlet
putputput
readreadread
setsetset
shutshutshut
二、ABB型,即过去式、过去分词相同。(共41个)
1。过去式和过去分词都含有-ought。(3个)
bringbroughtbrought
buyboughtbought
thinkthoughtthought
2。词尾有-ild,-end时,只需把d变为t。(4个)
buildbuiltbuilt
lendlentlent
sendsentsent
spendspentspent
3。过去式、过去分词都含有-aught。(2个)
catchcaughtcaught
teachtaughttaught
4。把-eep变为-ept。(3个)
keepkeptkept
sleepsleptslept
sweepsweptswept
5。把-ell变为-old。(2个)
telltoldtold
sellsoldsold
6。过去式、过去分词都含有-elt或-ilt。(4个)
smellsmeltsmelt
spellspeltspelt
feelfeltfelt
spillspiltspilt
7。过去式、过去分词都在原形词尾加t。(3个)
learnlearntlearnt
meanmeantmeant
spoilspoiltspoilt
8。过去式、过去分词词尾是d。(4个)
saysaidsaid
paypaidpaid
laylaidlaid
hearheardheard
9。改变元音字母。(11个)
meetmetmet
getgotgot
sitsatsat
findfoundfound
holdheldheld
spitspatspat
shineshoneshone
winwonwon
hanghunghung
digdugdug
loselostlost
10。改变辅音字母。(1个)
makemademade
11。改变元、辅音字母。(4个)
leaveleftleft
standstoodstood
have(has)hadhad
understandunderstoodunderstood
三、ABC型,即原形、过去式、过去分词都不相同。(共35个)
1.iau变化。(6个)
beginbeganbegun
drinkdrankdrunk
singsangsung
ringrangrung
swimswamswum
sinksanksunk
2。词尾为-ow,-aw时,过去式将其变为-ew,过去分词在其原形后加n。(5个)
blowblewblown
drawdrewdrawn
growgrewgrown
knowknewknown
throwthrewthrown(show除外)
3。词尾为i+辅(1个)+e,过去式将i变为o,过去分词多在原形后加n,若那个辅音字母为d或t,须双写d或t后加n。(4个)(give,hide除外)
drivedrovedriven
writewrotewritten
rideroderidden
riseroserisen
4。过去分词在过去式后加(e)n。(5个)
breakbrokebroken
choosechosechosen
freezefrozefrozen
speakspokespoken
wakewokewoken
5。过去分词由过去式加-ten构成。(1个)
forgetforgotforgotten
6。过去分词由原形加(e)n构成。(6个)
bewas(were)been
eatateeaten
fallfellfallen
givegavegiven
seesawseen
hidehidhidden(hid)
7。词尾为-ake时,过去式将其变为-ook,过去分词在原形词后加-n。(2个)
taketooktaken
mistakemistookmistaken
8。原形、过去式和过去分词都不相同。(6个)
dodiddone
flyflewflown
gowentgone
lielaylain
showshowedshown
wearworeworn
四、AAB型,即过去式和原形相同。(1个)
beatbeatbeaten
五、ABA型,即过去分词和原形相同。(3个)
comecamecome
becomebecamebecome
runranrun
六、情态动词型,只有原形和过去式,没有过去分词。(4个)
cancould
maymight
willwould
shallshould
★记忆法二:不规则动词相对于规则动词来说,难记得多,是最难对付的一类词。学生难学,老师难教。幸好它们不是杂乱无章的,可根据其中的一些内部规律来记忆。下面给大家介绍一种归纳记忆法,以期大家在攻克这一难关时,能收到事半功倍的效果。
一、原形、过去式、过去分词相同:
cost/cut/hit/hurt/let/put/read/shut
(细心的你一定会发现,这些词中大多数是以字母t结尾的。)
二、原形、过去式相同,过去分词不同:
beat/beat/beaten
三、原形、过去分词相同,过去式不同:
come/came/comebecome/became/becomerun/ran/run
(come,become,属不规则变化,但welcome属规则动词,其过去式、过去分词为:welcomed,welcomed)
四、过去式,过去分词相同:
(1)去掉字母组合ee中的一个e
meet/met/metfeed/fed/fed
(2)去掉字母组合ee中的一个e,然后再在词尾加t
feel/felt/feltsleep/slept/slept
keep/kept/keptsweep/swept/swept
(3)词尾为的ll去掉一个l加t
spell/spelt/speltsmell/smelt/smeltspill/spilt/spilt
(4)过去式和过去分词以aught或ought结尾
catch/caught/caughtteach/taught/taughtbring/brought/brought
buy/bought/boughtthink/thought/thought
(5)将stand改为stood
stand/stood/stoodunderstand/understood/understood
(6)将ay改为aid
lay/laid/laidpay/paid/paidsay/said/said
(7)将d改为t
lend/lent/lentsend/sent/sent
spend/spent/spentbuild/built/built
(8)将i改为a,o,u等
sit/sat/satspit/spat/spat
dig/dug/dugwin/won/won
(9)将ell改为old
tell/told/toldsell/sold/sold
(10)词尾加t
learn/learnt/learntmean/meant/meant
dream/dreamt/dreamtspoil/spoilt/spoilt
(11)有两种过去式和过去分词,一种是不规则的,一种是规则的:
learn/learnt/learntlearn/learned/learned
shine/shone/shoneshine/shined/shined
hang/hung/hunghang/hanged/hanged
smell/smelt/smeltsmell/smelled/smelled
burn/burnt/burntburn/burned/burned
light/lii/litlight/lighted/lighted
(12)其它
have(has)/had/hadhear/heard/heard
shoot/shot/shotlose/lost/lost
hold/held/heldget/got/got(AmEgotten)
find/found/foundmake/made/made
leave/left/left
五、三者均不同:
(1)过去式以ew结尾、过去分词以own结尾
blow/blew/blownfly/flew/flown
grow/grew/grownknow/knew/known
throw/threw/thrown
值得注意的是:
show/showed/shown或showeddraw/drew/drawn
(2)改i为a变成过去式、改i为u变成过去分词
begin/began/begundrink/drank/drunk
ring/rang/rungsing/sang/sung
swim/swam/swumsink/sank/sunk
(3)改i为o变成过去式,过去分词以n结尾
drive/drove/drivenwrite/wrote/written
rise/rose/risenride/rode/ridden
(4)原形后加n变成过去分词
drive/drove/drivenrise/rose/riseneat/ate/eaten
give/gave/givenfall/fell/fallen
(5)过去式后加n变成过去分词
break/broke/brokenchoose/chose/chosen
freeze/froze/frozenmistake/mistook/mistaken
steal/stole/stolenspeak/spoke/spoken
take/took/takenwake/woke/woken(或woke)
(6)其它
be/was或were/beendo/did/doneforget/forgot/forgotten
go/went/gonehide/hid/hiddensee/saw/seen
wear/wore/worn
六、有两种过去式和过去分词,但词义相同。
wake/woke/woken(或woke)wake/waked/waked
sink/sank/sunksink/sunk/sunken
七、动词因其过去式、过去分词有两种形式而产生不同词义:
shine、hang的两种过去式和过去分词:
shone/shone照耀shined/shined擦亮
hung/hung悬挂hanged/hanged绞死
八、两个既可以做过去式,又可以做动词原形的词
lie躺卧lay/lain/lying(现在分词)
lay放,下蛋laid/laid/laying
find找到、发现find/found/found
found创建,成立found/founded/founded
九、根据动词之间的词义联系来记忆
(一)词义相对:
(1)come/came/come来go/went/gone去
(2)give/gave/given给get/got/got(AmEgotten)获得
(3)sleep/slept/slept睡觉wake/woke/woken(或woke)
或wake/waked/waked醒来
(4)rise/rose/risen上升、上涨、升起fall/fell/fallen下降、落下、倒下
sink/sank/sunksink/sunk/sunken沉下,(使)下沉
(5)buy/bought/bought买sell/sold/sold出售,卖
(6)take/took/taken带去bring/brought/brought带来
(7)teach/taught/taught教learn/learnt/learnt
或learn/learned/learned学习、学会
(8)lose/lost/lost丢失、失败find/found/found找到
win/won/won赢得、(获)胜
(9)stand/stood/stood站、立sit/sat/sat坐
(10)send/sent/sent送、寄、发送get/got/got获得、收到
(二)词义相近:
(1)beat/beat/beaten打,打败win/won/won赢得、获胜
(2)understand/understood/understood懂,了解
know/knew/known知道,了解,认识
(3)get/got/got(AmEgotten)变成、成为、变得
become/became/become变成,成为,变得
go/went/gone变成turn/turned/turned变成
(4)spend/spent/spent花费、度过
pay/paid/paid支付、交纳
cost/cost/cost花费、价值为
take/took/taken花费
(5)say/said/said说、讲
speak/spoke/spoken说、演讲
tell/told/told告诉、说、吩咐、断定
talk/talked/talked谈话,讲,谈论,议论
★记忆法三:
1。无变化,过去式与原形相同。
letlet,putput,hithit,mustmust,setset,beatbeat,castcast,costcost,cutcut,hurthurt,readred,shutshut
(shedshedsplitsplitspreadspreadburstburst)
2。元音字母的变化。
ia:beginbegan,drinkdrank,ringrang,singsang,swimswam,givegave,sitsat,sinksank
io:drivedrove,riderode,shineshone,writewrote,riserose,winwon,
(strivestrovearisearose)
iou:findfound(windwound,bindbound,grindground)
aoo:taketook,shakeshook
eo:getgot,forgetforgot
oa:comecame,becomebecame
ooo:shootshot,choosechose
3。元音字母组合的变化。
aw/ow/yew:drawdrew,blowblew,growgrew,knowknew,throwthrew,flyflew
4。元音字母和辅音字母都有变化。
(1)sellsold,telltold,retellretold
(2)saysaid,paypaid,laylaid,relayrelaid
(3)sweepswept,keepkept,sleepslept,creepcrept
(4)bringbrought,buybought,thinkthought,fightfought
(5)catchcaught,teachtaught
(6)cancould,willwould,shallshould
5。辅音字母变化。
(1)buildbuilt,sendsent,bendbent,lendlent,rendrent,spendspent
(2)makemade,havehad,hearheard
(3)meanmeant,learnlearnt
记住以上内容,英语不提不是神话