1.stop to do sth. 和stop doing sth.
stop to do sth. 表示停止做其它事情而去做to do sth.所表示的事情,可以将to do sth.理解成stop的目的状语:stop doing sth.表示不做doing sth.所表示的事情。
例如:Stop talking. Lets begin our class.said the teacher. 老师说:别说话了,让我们开始上课。
We have kept doing our homework for a long time. Lets stop to listen to music. 我们做家庭作业很长时间了,让我们停下来听听音乐。
2.have sth. done.(过去分词)(让别人)做某事
例如:I had my hair cut yesterday afternoon. 我昨天下午理了发。
My computer can not work now. I must have it repaired. 我的电脑有故障了,我必须让人修好它。
3.forget to do sth.和forget doing sth. (remember to do sth. 和remember doing sth.)
forget to do sth.表示将来不要忘记做某事,谈的是未来的事情:forget doing sth.表示忘记过去应该做的事情。
例如:Dont forget to do your homework.said the teacher before the class was over.
老师在下课前说:不要忘记做家庭作业。
Im sorry. I forgot doing my homework. May I hand it in this afternoon,Mr. Chen?said Li Ming.
李明说:对不起,我忘记做家庭作业了。我今天下午交好吗,陈老师?
4. 感官动词后接不带to的不定式或者现在分词的区别
例如:see sb. do sth.看见某人(经常)做某事 和see sb. doing sth.看见某人(正在)做某事
I often see him do exercise in the morning. 我经常在早晨看见他锻炼身体。
When I was walking in the park,I saw him drawing a picture there. 当我在公园散步的时候,我看见他正在那里画画。
5. 介词后面一般接动名词。同学们要特别注意介词to和不定式符号to的区别,例如下面的词组一定要记清:
prefer doing sth. to doing sth. 喜欢做不喜欢做
look forward to doing sth. 期待/盼望做某事
make a contribution to doing sth. 为做出贡献
6. 在主动语态中,感官动词(see,hear,feel,watch等)和使役动词(make,have,let等)要求接不带to的不定式做宾语补足语,而在被动语态里,不定式要带上to.
例如:The boss often made the workers work 10 hours a day.
The workers were made to work 10 hours a day.
She was heard to use strong language. 听说她骂人了。
7.常用的几个和不定式有关的句型:
Why not do sth?为什么不做某事?
It takes/took sb. some time to do sth. 做某事花了某人多长时间。
It is/was +形容词+(for sb.)+to do sth. 做某事(对某人来说)怎么样。
8. 现在分词和过去分词做定语的区别
A. 现在分词含有正在进行的意思,而过去分词含有被动或者已经完成的意思,如:
a developing country 发展中国家 a developed country 发达国家
boiling water 正在沸腾的水(一般情况下水温为100℃) boiled water 开水(已经烧开的水,水温可以依然很高,也可以是凉白开)
a boy named Jim 一个叫Jim的男孩
B. 有些动词的现在分词和过去分词都具有形容词特征,但是它们的意思有区别。它们的-ing形式往往用来说明事物的特征;他们的-ed形式表示被动的意思,用来说明人的情况。
I am interested in this interesting story. 我对这个有趣的故事感兴趣。
I am moved at the moving sight. 我被这动人的情景感动了。
They were amazed at the amazing facts. 他们对那些令人惊异的事实感到惊奇。
距离中考还有1个月时间,对于中考中常考的这些知识点,不理解没明白的要抓紧时间请教老师或同学,找相关题目练习。不能把该拿的分数丢掉。祝大家复习瞬息,考试更上一层楼!