sth。为宾语,done为过去分词作补语。例如:
We had the machine repaired. 我们请人把机器修好了。
注意区分: We have repaired the machine. 我们(自己)已经修好了机器。
18. help sb. (to) do sth./with sth. 帮助某人(做)某事
其中的to可以省略。例如:I often help my mother withhousework。我常常帮助妈妈做家务。
Would you please help me (to) look up these words?请你帮助我查查这些词好吗?
19. How do you like? 你认为怎么样?
与what do you think of ?同义。 例如:How do you like the weather inBeijing?你认为北京的天气怎么样?
你觉得这部新电影如何?
What do you think of your boss? He isstrict with us。
20. I dont think/believe that 我认我/相信不
其中的not是对宾语从句进行否定而不是对主句(否定前移)。that可省略。例如:
I dont think it will rain. 我认为天不会下雨。
I dont believe the girl will come. 我相信那女孩不会来了。
我认为他并不聪明。
21. It happens that 碰巧
相当于happen to do。例如: It happened that I heard their secret。
可改写为: I happened to hear their secret. 我碰巧听到了他们的秘密。
22. Its/has been +一段时间+since从句 自从某时起做某件事情已经一段时间了。
该句型中since引导的时间状语从句常用一般过去时。例如:
Its twenty years since he came here. 他来这里已经20年了。
It has been six years since he married Mary. 他和玛丽结婚已经六年了。
如果since从句中的谓语动词是延续性动词,则表示从该动作结束起一直到现在的时间。 例如: Its threedays since he stayed here. 他离开这儿有三天了。
我搬家到郑州已经20多年了。
since I moved to Zhengzhou。
23. It is +adj./n. + for sb. to do sth. 做某事对某人来说
It是形式主语,真正的主语是不定式to do sth., for sb. 是不定式的逻辑主语。例如:
Its not easy for us to study English well. 对我们来说学好英语并不容易。
Its a good idea for us to travel to the south。去南方旅行对我们来说是个好主意。
对我来说把英语学好非常重要。
to learn English well。
24. Its + adj. + of sb. to do sth。
It是形式主语,to do sth。是真正的主语, of sb。是逻辑主语,当表语(即形容词)能对逻辑主语描述时,常用介词of,而不用for。例如:Its very polite of youto give your seat to old people. 你给老人让座,非常有礼貌。 Its very kind ofyou to help me。
你能来车站接我真是太好了。
to pick me up at the station。
25. It seems/appears that (在某人看来)好像
此句中的it是主语,that引导的是表语从句。例如:It seems that he is lying。看样子他好像是在撒谎。 It appears to me that he never smiles。
看样子要下雨了。
its going to rain。
26. It is +数词+metres/kilometers long/wide
是多少米(公里)长(宽)
用来表示物体的长(宽,高),如数词大于一,名词要用复数。例如:
It is 20 metres long from this end to that end。从这端到那端有二十米长。
27.Its time for sb. to do sth. 是某人干某事的时候了
it是形式主语,真正的主语是动词不定式to do sth.。for sb./sth。是逻辑主语。例如:
Its time for the child to go to bed. 孩子该睡觉了。
比较下面两种结构:① Its time for + n. 例如: Its time for school。
②Its time to do sth. 例如: Its time to go toschool. 我们该学习英语了。
28. It takes sb. some time to do sth. 花费某人多少时间做某事
it是形式主语,真正的主语是动词不定式to do sth.。例如:
It takes her fifteen minutes to walk to the bus stop fromhere. 从这儿走着到公交车站将花费她15分钟。
It took the old man three days to finish the work。那个老人花了三天时间完成这项工作。
我上学坐公交车要花半个小时。
29. keep (on) doing sth. 一直坚持做某事
keep doing sth。一般用于静态动词。keep on doingsth。意为继续不停地做某事,一般用于动态动词,但二者的区别并不是很严格,有时可以互换。例如:
Dont keep on doing such foolish things. 不要再做这样的傻事了。
He kept sitting there all day. 他整天坐在那里。
30. keepfrom doing sth. 阻止,使免于做某事
相当于stopfrom doing sth., preventfrom doingsth.。在主动句中,stop和prevent后面的from可以省略,但在被动结构中,from不可以省略。例如:
Please keep the children from swimming in the sea。请别让孩子到海里游泳。
The big noise outside my room stopped me from doing myhomework. 屋外巨大的噪音使我不能做作业。
我会尽最大努力阻止他抽烟。Ill try my best to
31. keep sb. doing sth. 让某人一直做某事
不可和keep sb.from doing sth。结构混淆。
例如:Why do you keep me waiting for a long time?你为什么让我等了很长时间?
32. make sb. do sth. 使某人干某事
make意为使时,其后要有不带to的动词不定式。
例如:He made me work ten hours a day. 他迫使我每天工作10小时。