状语从句在复合句中作状语,修饰主句中的动词、形容词、副词等。
1. 时间状语从句
在时间状语从句中,常用的引导词有when / while / before / after / until(till) / as soon as / since / as等。如:
①She was cooking when someone knocked at the door . 有人敲门时,她正在煮饭。
②What will you do after you finish your homework ? 你做完作业后准备做什么?
2. 条件状语从句
在条件状语从句中,常用的引导词有if / unless等。如:
①If it doesnt rain , I will go fishing .如果不下雨,我将去钓鱼。
②They will have a picnic unless it rains next Sunday .如果下星期日不下雨,他们要进行野炊活动。
※ If 引导的条件状语从句,若主句用一般将来时,则从句应用一般现在时表将来。
3. 原因状语从句
在原因状语从句中,常用的引导词有because / as / since 等。如:
①He didnt come because he was ill . 他没有来,因为他生病了。
②As you are sorry , Ill forgive you . 既然你悔悟了,我就原谅你。
4. 结果状语从句
结果状语从句主要由sothat / suchthat引导。so后接形容词或副词;such后接名词。如:
①Its so hot that we want to go swimming .天太热了,因此我们想去游泳。
②Thats such an interesting story that everybody likes it .那是一个如此有趣的故事,大家都喜欢它。
5. 目的状语从句
在目的状语从句中,常用的引导词有so that / in order that等。如:
①Please say it in a loud voice so that everyone can hear it .请大声说,以便大家都能听见。
②He works harder in order that he can go to a good college .他更加努力地学习,以便能上一所好大学。
6. 让步状语从句
在让步状语从句中,常用的引导词有though / although / even if / even though等。though或although引导让步状语从句,不能与but连用。如:
①He often helps others though / although he is not rich .尽管他并不富裕,但他经常帮助别人。
②Theyll stand by you even if you dont succeed .即使你不成功,他们也会支持你。
7. 比较状语从句
比较状语从句常由than / asas / not as as等引导。如:
①He is more outgoing than I(am) .他比我外向。
②He ran as fast as Mike did .他和迈克跑得一样快。
③It isnt so / as easy as you thought .这不像你想的那么容易。