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中考英语被动语态学习小结

发布时间:2011-07-13 17:07:50来源:查字典-中考网

英语动词有两种语态:主动语态和被动语态。初中阶段的被动语态有五种时态,我们可以从以下方面进行小结:

一、被动语态的时态及结构(以动词do为例)

结构:主语 + be + 过去分词

时态:1. 一般现在时: am (is, are) done.

2.带情态动词的被动语态:must (can, may, should, need, would) be done

3. 一般过去时: was (were) done

* 4. 一般将来时: will (shall) be done

* 5. 现在进行时: am (is, are) being done

6. 现在完成时: have (has) been done

二、从初中阶段所学五种基本句型谈变被动语态时应注意的问题。

1.主语 + 连系动词 + 表语 (S+V+P)

此结构不可用被动语态。

(正) The flowers smell sweet.

(误) The flowers are smelt sweet.

2.主语 + 不及物动词 (S+V)

此结构不可变被动语态。

(正) An accident happened last night.

(误) An accident was happened last night.

3.主语 + 及物动词 + 宾语 (S + V+ O)

(1)将主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语

Children often sing this song

This song is often sung by children.

(2)将含有介词或副词的动词短语变为被动结构时,不可将介词或副词去掉。

We should listen to the teachers carefully.

The teachers should be listened to carefully.

4.主语 + 及物动词 + 间接宾语 + 直接宾语 (S + V+ IO+ DO)

(1).将表人的间接宾语变为主语,直接宾语不变。

He showed us a picture .

We were shown a picture.

(2).将指物的直接宾语变为主语,要在间接宾语前加介词to或for.

常用加to的动词give, show, pass, read等

常用加for的动词 buy, get, make, sing, draw 等

A picture was shown to us.

A dictionary was bought for me by my parents.

5. 主语+及物动词 + 宾语 + 宾语补足语 (S+ V+ O + C)

如动词为 make, see, hear, watch 等,后接宾语补足语为不带to不定式时,变被动语态时要加上to 。

I saw him fall off the tree.

He was seen to fall off the tree.

6. be + 过去分词 并非都是被动语态,系动词 be, feel, seem,look,等词后面的过去分词已转化为形容词,作表语用,表示某种状态。 Im interested in mathematics. 我对数学感兴趣。

*7. 某些动词用主动语态来表示被动含义。The womans clothes sell well. 女装卖的快。This book sells best.这本书很畅销.

被动语态专项练习1

一、选择题

( )1._____ a new library _____ in our school last year?

A.Is; built B.Was; bulit C.Does; build D.Did; build

( )2.An accident ____ on this road last week.

A.has been happened B.was happened C.is happened D.happened

( )3.Cotton ____ in the southeast of China.

A.is grown B.are grown C.grows D.grow

( )4.So far,the moon ____ by man already.

A.is visited B.will be visited C.has been visited D.was visited

( )5.A talk on Chinese history _____ in th school hall next week.

A.is given B.has been given C.will be given D.gives

( )6.How many trees ____ this year?

A.are planted B.will plant C.have been planted D.planted

( )7.A lot of things ____ by people to save the little girl now.

A.are doing B.are being done C.has been done D.will be done

( )8.Neither of them ______ in China.

A.is made B.are made C.were made D.made

( )9.Look! A nice picture ____ for our teacher.

A.is drawing B.is being drawn C.has been drawn D.draws

( )10.Your shoes ____. You need a new pair.

A.wear out B.worn out C.are worn out D.is worn

( )11.The doctor _____ for yet.

A.isnt sent B.hasnt been sent C.wont be sent D.wasnt sent

( )12.--When ___ this kind of computers______? --Last year.

A.did; use B.was; used C.is; used D.are; used

( )13.The Great Wall ____ all over the world.

A.knows B.knew C.is known D.was known

( )14.I ____ in summer.

A.born B.was born C.have been born D.am born

( )15.He says that Mr Zhang _____ to the factory next week.

A.is sent B.would send C.was sent D.will be sent

( )16.Who _____ this book _____?

A.did; written B.was; written by C.did; written D.was;written

( )17.Mary ____ show me her new dictionary.

A.has asked to B.was asked to C.is asked D.asks to

( )18.A story _____ by Granny yesterday.

A.was told us B.was told to us C.is told us D.told us

( )19.The monkey was seen _____ off the tree.

A.jump B.jumps C.jumped D.to jump

( )20.The school bag ___ behind the chair.

A.puts B.can be put C.can be putted D.can put

( )21.Older people ____ well.

A.looks after B.must be looked after C.must look after D.looked after

( )22.Our teacher ______ carefully.

A.should be listened to B.should be listen C.be listened D.is listened

二、把下列句子改写成被动语态

1.They make machines in that factory. __________________________________

2.Every body likes this song. __________________________________

3.He doesnt show the stamps to me. __________________________________

4.People dont grow rice in the west of Japan._____________________________

5.He often helps Tom when Tom is in trouble._______________________________

6.Do the workers build many buildings? __________________________________

7.Does Kate sometimes break glasses? __________________________________

8.Do you always send a letter to Mr Hu? __________________________________

9.What does the teacher often tell the boys to do?_________________________

10.How many desks do they buy every term?__________________________________

11.They sold that kind of shoes in this shop last week.____________________

12.Granny told us a story last night. __________________________________

13.He didnt give the dictionary to me yesterday.__________________________

14.He didnt buy anything there before he left.____________________________

15.Did he clean the blackboard just now?__________________________________

16.When did she cook supper yesterday? __________________________________

17.Where did she make them? __________________________________

18.Whose ruler did you borrow? __________________________________

19.We must tie the young tree to the stick.________________________________

20.They cant mend the bike in that shop.__________________________________

21.You should take good care of her baby.__________________________________

22.You may take it back home. __________________________________

23.May I look after the baby at home? __________________________________

24.Must we hand in our exercise-books now?_________________________________

25.Can you mend this radio here? __________________________________

被 动 语 态 练 习 2

一、 将下列句子变为被动语态,每空一词。

1. We can finish the work in two days.

The work _____ _____ _____ in two days.

2. They produce silk in Suzhou.

Silk ____ ______ in Suzhou.

3. The children will sing an English song.

An English song ____ ____ ___ by the children.

4. You neednt do it now.

It ____ _____ _____ by you now.

5. Lucy sent me a New Year Card last week.

A New Year Card ____ ____ ____ her by me last week.

6. Peole use metal for making machines.

Metal ____ ____ for making machines.

7. He made me do that for him.

I ____ ____ ____ that for him.

8.I have given this book to the library.

This book ___ ____ ____ to the library.

9.Did they build a bridge here a year ago?

____ a bridge ____ here by them a year ago?

10.Well put on an English play in our school.

An English play ____ ____ _____ on in our school.

11.More and more farmers buy colour TV sets.

Colour TV sets ___ ___ ___ more and more farmers.

12.My brother often mends his watch.

His watch ____ ____ ____ by my brother.

13.We must water the flowers every day.

The flowers must ___ ___ (by us) every day.

14.They use knives for cutting things.

Knives ___ ___ for cutting things.

15.He made the farmers work for a long time.

The farmers ____ ____ ____ ____ for a long time.

16.Did he break the window yesterday?

____ the window ___ ____ ___ yesterday?

17.They have sold out the light green dresses.

The light green dresses ____ _____ ____ out.

18.We clean the classroom every day.

The classroom ____ ____ every day.

19. You must not plant trees in very dry earth.

Trees ___ ____ _____ _____ in very dry earth.

20.You can dig a hole in the earth.

A Hole ____ ____ _____ in the earth.

二、 用动词的正确语态填空。

1. The students _____ often _____(tell) to take care of their desks and chairs.

2. That play ________(put) on again sometime next month.

3. The old man is ill. He ______ (must send) to the hospital.

4. Vegetables,eggs and fruits_________ (sell) in this shop.

5. What _______ a knife ______ (make) of?

It _______________(make) of metal and wood.

6. A Piano concert _____________(give) here last Friday.

7. ______ the magazine ____(can take) out of the library?

8. The room _____________ (clean) by me every day.

9. The stars _____________ (can see) in the daytime.

10. Some flowers __________(water) by Li Ming already.

11. These kinds of machines __________(make) in Japan.

12. Apples _________ ________(grow) in this farm.

13. Russian _______ ______ (learn)as the second language by some students in China.

14. Planes,cars and trains _____ _____ (use) by business people for travelling.

15. The cinema ______ _____ (bulid) in 1985.

16. The bike ___ ____ ____ ___ (must not put) here.

17. A beautiful horse ____ ____ ___ (draw) by John next day.

18. This kind of machine ______ _____(can made) by uncle Wang.

19. Mr. Green ___ ___ (open) two new school.

20. The PLA ______ ______ (found) on August 1st,1927.

21. By the time he was ten, the boy ________(learn)English and French.

22. How long _____ your uncle ____(be) in the city?

23. ______ you ____(see) the film yet?

Yes, I _______(see) it last week.

24. Uncle Wang ____________(live) here since 1980

25. Listen! Someone _________(sing).

26. Tom ________(not have) breakfast yesterday morning.

英语动词有两种语态:主动语态和被动语态。初中阶段的被动语态有五种时态,我们可以从以下方面进行小结:

一、被动语态的时态及结构(以动词do为例)

结构:主语 + be + 过去分词

时态:1. 一般现在时: am (is, are) done.

2.带情态动词的被动语态:must (can, may, should, need, would) be done

3. 一般过去时: was (were) done

* 4. 一般将来时: will (shall) be done

* 5. 现在进行时: am (is, are) being done

6. 现在完成时: have (has) been done

二、从初中阶段所学五种基本句型谈变被动语态时应注意的问题。

1.主语 + 连系动词 + 表语 (S+V+P)

此结构不可用被动语态。

(正) The flowers smell sweet.

(误) The flowers are smelt sweet.

2.主语 + 不及物动词 (S+V)

此结构不可变被动语态。

(正) An accident happened last night.

(误) An accident was happened last night.

3.主语 + 及物动词 + 宾语 (S + V+ O)

(1)将主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语

Children often sing this song

This song is often sung by children.

(2)将含有介词或副词的动词短语变为被动结构时,不可将介词或副词去掉。

We should listen to the teachers carefully.

The teachers should be listened to carefully.

4.主语 + 及物动词 + 间接宾语 + 直接宾语 (S + V+ IO+ DO)

(1).将表人的间接宾语变为主语,直接宾语不变。

He showed us a picture .

We were shown a picture.

(2).将指物的直接宾语变为主语,要在间接宾语前加介词to或for.

常用加to的动词give, show, pass, read等

常用加for的动词 buy, get, make, sing, draw 等

A picture was shown to us.

A dictionary was bought for me by my parents.

5. 主语+及物动词 + 宾语 + 宾语补足语 (S+ V+ O + C)

如动词为 make, see, hear, watch 等,后接宾语补足语为不带to不定式时,变被动语态时要加上to 。

I saw him fall off the tree.

He was seen to fall off the tree.

6. be + 过去分词 并非都是被动语态,系动词 be, feel, seem,look,等词后面的过去分词已转化为形容词,作表语用,表示某种状态。 Im interested in mathematics. 我对数学感兴趣。

*7. 某些动词用主动语态来表示被动含义。The womans clothes sell well. 女装卖的快。This book sells best.这本书很畅销.

被动语态专项练习1

一、选择题

( )1._____ a new library _____ in our school last year?

A.Is; built B.Was; bulit C.Does; build D.Did; build

( )2.An accident ____ on this road last week.

A.has been happened B.was happened C.is happened D.happened

( )3.Cotton ____ in the southeast of China.

A.is grown B.are grown C.grows D.grow

( )4.So far,the moon ____ by man already.

A.is visited B.will be visited C.has been visited D.was visited

( )5.A talk on Chinese history _____ in th school hall next week.

A.is given B.has been given C.will be given D.gives

( )6.How many trees ____ this year?

A.are planted B.will plant C.have been planted D.planted

( )7.A lot of things ____ by people to save the little girl now.

A.are doing B.are being done C.has been done D.will be done

( )8.Neither of them ______ in China.

A.is made B.are made C.were made D.made

( )9.Look! A nice picture ____ for our teacher.

A.is drawing B.is being drawn C.has been drawn D.draws

( )10.Your shoes ____. You need a new pair.

A.wear out B.worn out C.are worn out D.is worn

( )11.The doctor _____ for yet.

A.isnt sent B.hasnt been sent C.wont be sent D.wasnt sent

( )12.--When ___ this kind of computers______? --Last year.

A.did; use B.was; used C.is; used D.are; used

( )13.The Great Wall ____ all over the world.

A.knows B.knew C.is known D.was known

( )14.I ____ in summer.

A.born B.was born C.have been born D.am born

( )15.He says that Mr Zhang _____ to the factory next week.

A.is sent B.would send C.was sent D.will be sent

( )16.Who _____ this book _____?

A.did; written B.was; written by C.did; written D.was;written

( )17.Mary ____ show me her new dictionary.

A.has asked to B.was asked to C.is asked D.asks to

( )18.A story _____ by Granny yesterday.

A.was told us B.was told to us C.is told us D.told us

( )19.The monkey was seen _____ off the tree.

A.jump B.jumps C.jumped D.to jump

( )20.The school bag ___ behind the chair.

A.puts B.can be put C.can be putted D.can put

( )21.Older people ____ well.

A.looks after B.must be looked after C.must look after D.looked after

( )22.Our teacher ______ carefully.

A.should be listened to B.should be listen C.be listened D.is listened

二、把下列句子改写成被动语态

1.They make machines in that factory. __________________________________

2.Every body likes this song. __________________________________

3.He doesnt show the stamps to me. __________________________________

4.People dont grow rice in the west of Japan._____________________________

5.He often helps Tom when Tom is in trouble._______________________________

6.Do the workers build many buildings? __________________________________

7.Does Kate sometimes break glasses? __________________________________

8.Do you always send a letter to Mr Hu? __________________________________

9.What does the teacher often tell the boys to do?_________________________

10.How many desks do they buy every term?__________________________________

11.They sold that kind of shoes in this shop last week.____________________

12.Granny told us a story last night. __________________________________

13.He didnt give the dictionary to me yesterday.__________________________

14.He didnt buy anything there before he left.____________________________

15.Did he clean the blackboard just now?__________________________________

16.When did she cook supper yesterday? __________________________________

17.Where did she make them? __________________________________

18.Whose ruler did you borrow? __________________________________

19.We must tie the young tree to the stick.________________________________

20.They cant mend the bike in that shop.__________________________________

21.You should take good care of her baby.__________________________________

22.You may take it back home. __________________________________

23.May I look after the baby at home? __________________________________

24.Must we hand in our exercise-books now?_________________________________

25.Can you mend this radio here? __________________________________

被 动 语 态 练 习 2

一、 将下列句子变为被动语态,每空一词。

1. We can finish the work in two days.

The work _____ _____ _____ in two days.

2. They produce silk in Suzhou.

Silk ____ ______ in Suzhou.

3. The children will sing an English song.

An English song ____ ____ ___ by the children.

4. You neednt do it now.

It ____ _____ _____ by you now.

5. Lucy sent me a New Year Card last week.

A New Year Card ____ ____ ____ her by me last week.

6. Peole use metal for making machines.

Metal ____ ____ for making machines.

7. He made me do that for him.

I ____ ____ ____ that for him.

8.I have given this book to the library.

This book ___ ____ ____ to the library.

9.Did they build a bridge here a year ago?

____ a bridge ____ here by them a year ago?

10.Well put on an English play in our school.

An English play ____ ____ _____ on in our school.

11.More and more farmers buy colour TV sets.

Colour TV sets ___ ___ ___ more and more farmers.

12.My brother often mends his watch.

His watch ____ ____ ____ by my brother.

13.We must water the flowers every day.

The flowers must ___ ___ (by us) every day.

14.They use knives for cutting things.

Knives ___ ___ for cutting things.

15.He made the farmers work for a long time.

The farmers ____ ____ ____ ____ for a long time.

16.Did he break the window yesterday?

____ the window ___ ____ ___ yesterday?

17.They have sold out the light green dresses.

The light green dresses ____ _____ ____ out.

18.We clean the classroom every day.

The classroom ____ ____ every day.

19. You must not plant trees in very dry earth.

Trees ___ ____ _____ _____ in very dry earth.

20.You can dig a hole in the earth.

A Hole ____ ____ _____ in the earth.

二、 用动词的正确语态填空。

1. The students _____ often _____(tell) to take care of their desks and chairs.

2. That play ________(put) on again sometime next month.

3. The old man is ill. He ______ (must send) to the hospital.

4. Vegetables,eggs and fruits_________ (sell) in this shop.

5. What _______ a knife ______ (make) of?

It _______________(make) of metal and wood.

6. A Piano concert _____________(give) here last Friday.

7. ______ the magazine ____(can take) out of the library?

8. The room _____________ (clean) by me every day.

9. The stars _____________ (can see) in the daytime.

10. Some flowers __________(water) by Li Ming already.

11. These kinds of machines __________(make) in Japan.

12. Apples _________ ________(grow) in this farm.

13. Russian _______ ______ (learn)as the second language by some students in China.

14. Planes,cars and trains _____ _____ (use) by business people for travelling.

15. The cinema ______ _____ (bulid) in 1985.

16. The bike ___ ____ ____ ___ (must not put) here.

17. A beautiful horse ____ ____ ___ (draw) by John next day.

18. This kind of machine ______ _____(can made) by uncle Wang.

19. Mr. Green ___ ___ (open) two new school.

20. The PLA ______ ______ (found) on August 1st,1927.

21. By the time he was ten, the boy ________(learn)English and French.

22. How long _____ your uncle ____(be) in the city?

23. ______ you ____(see) the film yet?

Yes, I _______(see) it last week.

24. Uncle Wang ____________(live) here since 1980

25. Listen! Someone _________(sing).

26. Tom ________(not have) breakfast yesterday morning.

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