第16讲 There be句型与中考试题
There be句型的基本用法是表示某地（或某时）有某人（或某物），其形式为Therebe＋代词或名词（短语）＋地点／时间状语。这里there是引导词，没有词义，be是谓语动词，代词或名词（短语）是主语。be要与主语保持人称和数的一致。否定句是在be后加not；一般疑问句是将be放在句首；反意疑问句中的简短问句是由be（或其否定式）＋there构成。例如：
1．There is a desk and two chairs in the room．（紧挨着be动词的主语是a desk，是单数，故be的形式要用is）
2．There arent two chairs and a desk in the room．（否定句）
3．Is there anything wrong with your ears？（Yes，there is．／No，there isnt．）
4．There wasnt a meeting yesterday，was there？（反意疑问句）
除此之外，还有一个重要句式有某人在做某事，要用There be ＋sb．＋doing sth．＋地点／时间状语。例如：
There are several children swimming in the river．河里有几个孩子在游泳。
There be 结构中常见的时态有如下几种情况：
通过上表可知：各种时态的变化是通过 be动词的变化来体现的。至于你提到的两个句子我们先不考虑对错，首要的问题是弄清楚There be与have所表示的意义。There be句型表示存在关系，have表示所属关系，两者不能混合在一个句子中。例如，要说明天有一个班会。（1）There will have a class meeting tomorrow．（）（2）There is going to／will be a class meeting tomorrow．（）有时候既表示存在又表示所属时两种都可以用。例如：Class Three have a map of China on the wall．（地图为三班学生所有）There is a map of China on the wall in Class Three．（地图存在于三班）由此看来，There will have是错误的。
复习There be句型时除了掌握基础知识外，还应注意以下问题：
1．There be句型的考查更多的是将be动词与主语结合在一起进行的，即主谓的一致性。例如：
（1）There is _____ on the floor．
（2）There are _____ on the floor．
选项：A．cat B．water C．boxes D．football解析：（1）由is可知主语应是可数名词单数或不可数名词，而A、D项中都缺少冠词a，故选B，同理可知（2）应选C。
2．如果作主语的是一个短语，则常常考查短语中的修饰语。可数名词的复数形式前可以用any，som e，few，a few，m any或用数词 ＋hundred／thousand／million，hundreds／ thousands／millions of，no等修饰；不可数名词可以受any，some，no，little，a little，much等词的修饰。例如：
（1）There were _____ students in our school．
A．hundreds B．eight hundred C．eight hundreds of
（2）There is _____ water．You neednt get some more．
A．few B．little C．much
解析：（1）由数词与名词的搭配关系可知选B，（2）由water可知排除A项，再由后一句意思便知选C。
3．注意不定代词的用法。
（1）不定代词在句中作主语，谓语动词要用单数形式。例如：There is nothing in the fridge．（2）不定代词受形容词修饰时要放在形容词的前面。例如：There is something interesting in todays newspaper．
4．There be句型的反意疑问句，要注意陈述部分的形式。
如果陈述部分含有little，few，no，nobody，none等否定词时，后面的简短问句中要用肯定形式。例如：There is nobody in the room，is there？
但有的含有否定意义的形容词修饰不定代词时则仍看作肯定句式。例如：There is something unusual in the room，isnt there？
5．要注意句子前后意思的一致性。
有的句子单独看其意义时，可能不止一个选项适合于它，但如果联系上下句的意思则只能有一个恰当的选项。例如：（1）There is _____ food．You neednt buy any．（2） There is _____ food．You have to buy some．（A．any B．some C．no）从这两题中的第一个句子来看均可选用some和no，但与后面的句意结合看，答案则是唯一的：（1）B，（2）C。
There be句型命题趋向有两个方面：一是进一步加强对知识的理解与运用方面的考查。例如be动词与主语的一致性、名词或代词的修饰语、搭配关系、含否定词的反意疑问句等。二是有可能出现有某人在做某事这一句型，即There be ＋sb．＋doing sth．＋地点／时间状语。
下面是一些英语中考试题原题:
1．There are _____ days in a week．
A．the seven B．seventh C．the seventh D．seven
2．There are few _____ in the fridge．Lets go and buy som e peas，carrots and cabbages．
A．vegetables B．fruit C．meat D．eggs
3．Look！There are some _____ on the floor．
A．child B．water C．boxes D．girl
4．There were two _____ people at yesterdays meeting．
A．hundreds B．hundreds of C．hundred
5．The letter from my uncle was short．There wasnt _____ news．
A．many B．a few C．much D．few
6．-Oh，there isnt enough _____ for us in the lift．
-It doesnt matter，lets wait for the next．
A．ground B．floor C．place D．room
7．There _____ an English Evening next Tuesday．
A．was B．will be C．will have D．are going to be
8．There _____ a football gam e in our school．
A．has B．will have C．will be
9．There is going to _____ a report _____ Chinese history in our school this evening．
A．have；on B．be；on C．have；for D．be；of
10．There is _____ food here．Well have to buy some．
A．any B．some C．no
11．There is _____ in the bag．Its em pty．
A．nothing B．something C．anything D．somebody
12．There is _____ knocking at the door．Go and see who it is．
A．nobody B．somebody C．anybody D．everybody
13．-Is there _____ wrong with me， doctor？
-Im afraid so．Your heart is beating a bit too slow．
A．something B．anything C．everything D．nothing
14．There is _____ interesting on this channel．Try others．
A．nothing
B．none
C．anything
D．no
15．There is _____ interesting in the film，so _____ is interested in it．
A．something；nobody B．nothing；somebody
C．anything；anybody D．nothing；nobody
16．There is _____ in todays newspaper．
A．nothing new B．anything new
C．new anything D．new something
17．There is _____ in todays newspaper．
A．new anything B．new something
C．anything new D．something new
18．There will be a volleyball match in our school， _____ ？
A．be there B．is there
C．will there D．wont there
19．There is little water in the bottle．（改为反意疑问句）
There is little water in the bottle， _____ _____ ？
20．There is som ething unusual on the island．（改为反意疑问句）
There is som ething unusual on the island， _____ _____ ？
Key:
●There be句型与中考试题
1-5 D A C C C
6-10 D B C B C
11-15 A B B A D
16-18 A D D 19．is there 20．isnt there
下面是一些英语中考试题原题:
1．There are _____ days in a week．
A．the seven B．seventh C．the seventh D．seven
2．There are few _____ in the fridge．Lets go and buy som e peas，carrots and cabbages．
A．vegetables B．fruit C．meat D．eggs
3．Look！There are some _____ on the floor．
A．child B．water C．boxes D．girl
4．There were two _____ people at yesterdays meeting．
A．hundreds B．hundreds of C．hundred
5．The letter from my uncle was short．There wasnt _____ news．
A．many B．a few C．much D．few
6．-Oh，there isnt enough _____ for us in the lift．
-It doesnt matter，lets wait for the next．
A．ground B．floor C．place D．room
7．There _____ an English Evening next Tuesday．
A．was B．will be C．will have D．are going to be
8．There _____ a football gam e in our school．
A．has B．will have C．will be
9．There is going to _____ a report _____ Chinese history in our school this evening．
A．have；on B．be；on C．have；for D．be；of
10．There is _____ food here．Well have to buy some．
A．any B．some C．no
11．There is _____ in the bag．Its em pty．
A．nothing B．something C．anything D．somebody
12．There is _____ knocking at the door．Go and see who it is．
A．nobody B．somebody C．anybody D．everybody
13．-Is there _____ wrong with me， doctor？
-Im afraid so．Your heart is beating a bit too slow．
A．something B．anything C．everything D．nothing
14．There is _____ interesting on this channel．Try others．
A．nothing
B．none
C．anything
D．no
15．There is _____ interesting in the film，so _____ is interested in it．
A．something；nobody B．nothing；somebody
C．anything；anybody D．nothing；nobody
16．There is _____ in todays newspaper．
A．nothing new B．anything new
C．new anything D．new something
17．There is _____ in todays newspaper．
A．new anything B．new something
C．anything new D．something new
18．There will be a volleyball match in our school， _____ ？
A．be there B．is there
C．will there D．wont there
19．There is little water in the bottle．（改为反意疑问句）
There is little water in the bottle， _____ _____ ？
20．There is som ething unusual on the island．（改为反意疑问句）
There is som ething unusual on the island， _____ _____ ？
Key:
●There be句型与中考试题
1-5 D A C C C
6-10 D B C B C
11-15 A B B A D
16-18 A D D 19．is there 20．isnt there