2015中考英语：重点单词、短语用法归类

1. cost / take / spend / pay花费

花费时间做某事 ：

It takes sb some time to do sth . = sb spend some time

（in）doing

sth .= sb spend some time on sth .

某人花钱买某物 ：

sb spend some money on sth . = sb pay some money for sth . = sth

cost sb . some money .

※spend和pay主语都是人，cost主语是物。

※spent还可以指度过How did you spend your weekend ?

The sweater ________ me 90 yuan . = I _______ 90 yuan for the

sweater .=I _____ 90 yuan on the sweater .

He spent lots of money ________ the mobile phone .

It ________ her 20 minutes to go home every day . = He ________ 20

minutes ________ home every day .

2. thanks for为而感谢

⑴______ inviting me to your birthday party .

thanks to多亏/由于

⑵______your help .I got good grades .

3.感叹句 ：多么

what +名词

how +形容词/副词

⑴.______ bad weather！

⑵.______ hard he works！

⑶.______ fresh vegetables！

⑷.______ cute a monkey it is！

4.因为、由于 ：because(连词) +从句：(表示原因)

because of（介词短语）+名词（短语 ）=thanks to

⑴I didnt go to school ______ I had a headache .

He was late for class ______ the bad weather .

He cant come _____ he is ill .

Many people have a cold _____ the cold weather .

※because和so不能同时连用.

5.来自 ：be from = come from

⑴Where are you from ? = Where ______ you ______ ______?

⑵He is from Tibet . = He ______ ______ Tibet .

6.How often对频率提问 （ 多久一次） 回答用表示频率的副词或短语

How long对一段时间提问 （多久 ） 回答用表示一段时间的状语

How soon对将来时间提问 （ 多久 ） 回答用in+时间段

How far询问多长距离（多长）

⑴-______ have you been collecting the kites ? -For ten years.

⑵-______ do you go shopping ? -Sometimes.

⑶- ______ will your father come back ? - In two years.

⑷-_____ do you exercise ? - Once a week .

⑸-_____ is it from your home to school ? - About ten miles.

⑹- ____ are you staying there ? - Two weeks .

7.乘交通工具 ：

take a / the +交通工具 在句中作谓语

by+交通工具=on a 交通工具 在句中作方式状语

交通工具有：train/bus/car/taxi/boat/subway/plane

⑴He takes a bus to bank .= He goes to bank by bus . = He goes to bank on a bus .

⑵I walk to school . = I go to school ______ .

※ 骑自行车、马或驴用ride：

ride ones

bike / ride a horse / ride a donkey in ones

8.对不起 ：

Excuse me（劳驾，客套话 ）

Sorry (表示道歉)

⑴______ .Where is Tianfu Square in Chengdu ?

⑵Would you mind cleaning your room ? - ______ . Ill do it right away .

⑶-Dont eat in class . - _____ . Ms Clark .

⑷_____ , is this the way to the station ?

9.声音 ：sound (自然界各种声音)

noise（噪音）

voice（悦耳的声音：嗓子）

⑴Lucy has a sweet ______ .

⑵That ______ like a good idea .

⑶Dont make ______ . The baby is sleeping .

10. look like (外貌看起来像)

be like（ 性格像 ）

⑴Lily _____ _____ Lucy . Oh , they are twins .

⑵Tony ______ ______ a monkey because he is cute and playful.

11. taketo 带去

bringto带来

fetch没有方向性（强调来回）

⑴Tony . ______ the ball here .Please .

⑵My father often ______ me ______ concerts on Sundays.

⑶______ your homework _____ school tomorrow .

12.一些 ：some用于肯定句

any用于否定句和疑问句

⑴Id like ______ milk .

⑵Would you like ______ yogurt ?

_ Thanks . I dont want ______ .

※ 在一般疑问句中，认为对方的答案会是肯定的，或期望得到对方肯定回答时，也用some.

13.多少 ：How many修饰可数名词复数

How much修饰不可数名词

⑴______ juice do you want ?

⑵______apples do you want?

⑶-_____is the T-shirt?

Its 30 yuan .

※How much

可对价钱提问：How much are the potatoes ?

14．看 ：see 强调看的结果

look ( at )不及物动词，强调看的动作

watch观看：比赛、电视、表演、电影

read读，朗读：看书、看报、看信、看杂志

⑴Dont______ in bed .

⑵We will ______ a basketball game this evening .

⑶Please ______ the blackboard . Everyone .

⑷I ______ a bird in the tree yesterday .

※On Saturday night . I saw an interesting talk show .

On Saturday evening . several kids watched a movie .

watch a movie=go to a movie

15.stop doing sth

停止做某事 Please stop talking .

stop to do sth

停下来去做别的事

⑴The girl soon stopped ______ (cry ) .

⑵He was tired and stopped ______ (have ) a rest .