中考英语常用短语的区别与运用(二)

初中英语中有很多常用短语意义相近却不相同;学习中需要理解、对比记忆。同时这也是初中英语学习的重点和中考英语必考的知识。希望同学们多总结记忆。人教学习网在这里给大家连载：

11.on，in，with

(1)on：表示使用通讯工具、信息或传媒，乘坐交通工具等;

I dont want to talk about it on the phone.

(2)in：使用语言文字等媒介;

Can you speak it in English?

(3)with：借助具体的手段或工具。

Dont write it with a red pen.

12.at,on,in

at, on, in三者都可以表示在的时候。

(1)at：表示在哪个时刻用;表示时间点。

I get up at six oclock in the morning . 我早晨六点起床。

(2)On：表示在哪一天，哪一天的早上(下午、晚上);

on Wednesday , on Sunday morning , on May I , on a cold morning in 1936

(3)in：表示在哪一年(季、月)，在上午，下午等。

in September , in the morning , in the afternoon

13.few, a few; little , a littl

虽然都表示少，但

few, a few是可数的, little, a little是不可数的。

a few, a little含肯定意味，few, little含否定意味。

(1) They have a little ink, dont they? 他们有一点墨水，是吗?

(2)They have little ink, do they? 他们几乎没有墨水，是吗?

(3)She has a few Chinese friends, doesnt she? 他有几位中国朋友，是吗?

(4)She has few Chinese friends, does she?他几乎没有几位中国朋友,是开吗

(5)She has a little dog.她有一只小狗。

14.not until, until

not until 直到才 (主句动词是短暂性动词)

(1)He didnt go to bed until his mother came back..

until 一直到 (主句中使用延续性动词)

(2)I study hard until it is midnight every day.

15. spend, pay, cost, take

(1)Sb. Spend on sth. 某人花了(时间、金钱)在某事上。

I spend ten yuan on the book..

(2)spend (in) doing sth. 某人花了(时间、金钱)做某事。

She spent two hours in drawing the house.

(3)Sb. pay for sth. 某人为某物花了钱。

I paid 50 yuan for the clothes.

(4)Sth. cost sb. 某物花了某人钱。

It cost us five dollars.

(5)It takes/took sb. to do sth. 花了某人(时间、金钱)做某事。

It takes us ten minutes to brush my teeth every day.

16.too much, too many, much too

too much + 不可数名词 too many + 可数名词 much too + 形容词、副词

(1)There is too much milk in the basket.

(2) She ate too many biscuits yesterday morning.

(3) He runs much too quickly.

(4) The chair is much too expensive.

17.after , in

(1)After+时间段 表达过去一段时间以后，常用于过去时态的句子;

I received the letter after two days . 我是两天以后收到这封信的。

(2)After+时间点 表示将来一段时间以后，用于将来时态的句子。

He will arrive after four oclock .

(3)in+时间段 以现在为起点，表示将来一段时间以后，常用于将来时态的句子。

You will receive the letter in three days . 你三天以后将收到这封信。

18.ago , before

(1)ago立足于现在，表示从现在起，若干时间之前;ago 通常与一般过去时连用，不能与完成时连用;

I met him three years ago .(距今)三年前，我遇到他。

(2)before立足过去，表示从过去某一时刻起，若干时间以前。before通常与过去完成时连用。

I had met him three years before .(距当时)三年前我见到他一次。

19.alone, lonely

alone是表语形容词，只能作表语用。

Though I am alone, I am not lonely.虽然我孤独一人,但我并不感到寂寞.

lonely除了有孤独的意思外，还有寂寞的意思。另外说明特点时还有人迹稀少的、荒凉的意思。

He was taken to a lonely house . 他被带到一个荒无人烟的房子内。

20.also , either , too , as well

also用于肯定句. You study English and I also study it.你学英语，我也学.

either用于否定句,并放在句尾;You dont study English and I dont study it either.你不学英语，我也不学.

too和as well 用于肯定句，放在句尾，多用于口语。例如：

You are a student and I am a student, too. 你是学生，我也是。

You know the way and I know it as well. 你知道路，我也知道。