2013中考英语知识点复习：七大语法结构

英语语法：一般现在时基本结构

一般现在时除主语是第三人称单数时谓语动词要加s外，一律用动词原形。

例句：

I go to school at 6 every morning. 每天早上我七点去上学。

Summer follows spring. 春天之后是夏天。

The sun rises in the east. 太阳从东方升起。

I learned that the earth goes around the sun when I was in primary school. 我在小学就学过地球是围绕太阳转的。

Pride goes before a fall. 骄者必败。

英语语法：一般过去时基本结构

一般过去时用动词的过去式构成，即在动词原形后加ed.

例句：

He was here just now. 他刚才还在这里。

What did you do yesterday?你昨天做了什么事？

We often played together when we were children. 我们小时候常在一起玩。

He used to smoke a lot,but he doesnt now. 他过去经常抽烟，但现在不抽了。

Whenever we were in trouble,he would help us. 每当我们遇到困难，他都会帮助我们。

At that time she was very good at English. 那时她英语学得很好。

He said he would wait until they came back.

英语语法：过去进行时基本结构

过去进行时由 was/were 加现在分词构成。

例如：

What were you doing this time yesterday?昨天这个时候你在做什么？

During the summer of 1999 she was travelling in Europe.1999年夏天她在欧洲旅行。

He said he was leaving for home in a day or two. 他说他一两天之内就动身回家了。

She was always thinking of others. 她老是想到别人。（赞扬）

She was forever complaining. 她老是抱怨。（厌烦）

I was reading the newspaper when the doorbell rang. 我正在看报，突然门铃响了。

Jim burnt his hand when he was cooking the dinner. 吉姆做饭时把手烫了。

I met Diana while I was shopping this morning. 我今早买东西时碰到了戴安娜。

I was doing my homework while he was listening to music. 我在做作业而他在听音乐。

英语语法：一般将来时基本结构

由 will 加动词原形构成，当主语是第一人称时，也可以用 shall 加动词原形。

例如：

Telephone me this evening. Ill be at home. 今晚给我打电话，我会在家。

Ill （shall/will）do a better job next time. 下次我要干得好

The car wont start. 车开不了啦。

Oil and water will not mix. 油和水没法混在一起。

英语语法：过去将来时基本结构

过去将来时由would，was/were going to，was/were to was/were about to等加动词原形构成，也可由was/were on the point of加动名词构成。

例句：

I knew you would agree. 我知道你会同意的。

I said I would arrange everything. 我说我来安排一切。

英语语法：过去完成时基本结构

由 had 加动词的过去分词构成。

例句：

She said she had never been to Paris. 她说她从未去过巴黎。

When the police arrived,the thieves had run away. 警察到达时，小偷们早就跑了。

By the time he was twelve,Edison had begun to make a living by himself. 到了十二岁那年，爱迪生开始自己谋生。

英语语法：现在完成时基本结构

由 have 加动词的过去分词构成，主语是第三人称单数时，要将have 改为has.

例句：

I have seen the film already. 我已经看过那部电影了。（现在我知道电影的内容了）

Have you seen my bag?你看到我的手提包了吗？（你知道它在哪里？）

She has been a dancer for ten years. 她已当了十年的舞蹈演员了。

Weve planted thousands of trees in the past few years. 过去几年我们种了成千上万棵树。