中考英语语法讲解第十二讲—句子的种类（一）

第12讲：句子种类（一）

我们都知道，根据句子的使用目的，句子可分为陈述句，疑问句，祈使句，感叹句。疑问句是常考的重点，也是要掌握的难点，这里我们先重点讲一下.

疑问句中我们只讲一讲难掌握的反意疑问句和特殊疑问句.

反意疑问句: 在陈述句之后附上一个简短问句，对陈述句所叙述的事实提出相反的疑问,这种疑问句叫做反意疑问句. 如前面陈述句部分是肯定式，后面问句部分一般用是否定式；如前一部分是否定式，后一部分一般用肯定式.前后两部分在人称，数及时态上通常保持一致. 如：You are a student，arent you?(你是学生，对吗?)

在祈使句后面用反意疑问句，要注意人称的变化。 如：Go to the cinema，will you?

在省略的感叹句后面，要注意主语的单复数。如：What fine weather，isnt it?

陈述句部分的主语如是I，疑问部分要用 arent I. 如: Im as tall as your sister，arent I?

陈述部分用never，hardly，few，nothing,nobody,few,seldom,hardly,little等否定含义的词时，疑问部分用肯定含义. 如: He seldom came here,did he?

陈述句部分的谓语是used to时，疑问部分用didnt+主语或usednt +主语.如: He used to go to school at seven, didnt he? / usednt he?

陈述部分有had better + v. 疑问句部分用hadnt you? 如: Youd better read it by yourself, hadnt you?

陈述部分有Youd like to +v.疑问部分用wouldnt+主语. 如：Youd like to go with me, wouldnt you?

主语是everyone， someone，anyone，no one等不定代词时，多用they 指代.如：Everyone is here，arent they?(所有的人都来了吗?)

主语是everything，something，anthing，nothing时，用it 指代。省去主语的祈使句的反意疑问句，疑问部分用will you。如: Dont do that again, will you? 注意 Lets 开头的祈使句，后用shall we? Let us 开头的祈使句，后用will you?

陈述部分是there be结构的，疑问部分用there省略主语代词。如: There is something wrong with your watch, isnt there?

特殊疑问句: 注意疑问词 how many how much , how often , how old, how long, what, what time, what day , what colour, which , when , who, whose等疑问词的用法。

练习：

1. Dont forget to give the baby some food ,______?

A. will you?

B. shall we

C. wont you

D. do you

2. You have met before, _______?

A. havent you

B. have you

C. do you

D. dont you

3. She has never read the book before, _______?

A. has she

B. hasnt she

C. is she

D. isnt she

4. Mike has to finish her work now, _______?

A. has he

B. hasnt he

C. does he

D. doesnt he

5. --Dont smoke in the dining-hall, will you?

-- _________.

A. Yes, I agree

B. Yes, of course,

C. Yes, I dont think so

D. Whats wrong

6. --______ did you stay in Urumqi last summer?

--For two weeks.

A. How often

B. How

C. How long

D. How many times

7. He nearly hurt himself in the accident, _______?

A. doesnt he

B. didnt he

C. did he

D. does he

8. --_______ will your aunt be back from work?

--In an hour.

A. How soon

B. How often

C. How long

D. What time

9. The old man had to do the farm work himself, ________?

A. did he

B. didnt he

C. had he

D. werent he

10. --________ do they have a meeting?

--Every two weeks.

A. How long

B. How often

C. When

D. What time

实践：

1. Mr Williams will visit our school again some _______ day.

A. the other

B. another

C. an other

D. other

2. We shall never laugh _________ people when they are _______ trouble.

A. on, in

B. at, in

C. on, to

D. to, at

3. Thank you for your help._______.

A. You are welcome

B. It doesnt matter

C. You are kind

D. Its no need

4. To learn English well is not easy, ______ it is important for us.

A. and

B. so

C. or

D. but

5. Must I get there before eight?No, you______.

A. cant

B. mustnt

C. neednt

D. must

6. My sister isnt there, she _______ to Beijing.

A. went

B. will go

C. has been

D. has gone

7. New factory _______ in our hometown next year.

A. build

B. will build

C. will be built

D. is building

8. I dont think he is doing his homework,______?

A. is he

B. isnt he

C. does he

D. dont I

9. I enjoyed _______ to school in the morning last year.

A. to run

B. run

C. runing

D. running

10. Sorry, Ive kept you ________ for a long time.

A. wait

B. waiting

C. to wait

D. waited

11. _______ mother told _______ an interesting story yesterday.

A. Mine, I

B. My, I

C. My, me

D. My, my

12. His grandma ______ in 1968. She has been _________ for years.

A. died, died

B. dead, died

C. dead, died

D. died, dead

13. The old man is _______ under the tree.

A. lying

B. lie

C. laying

D. to lie

14. He runs ________ than his classmates.

A. fastest

B. the fastest

C. fast

D. faster

15. The twins father is standing ________ them.

A. among

B. between

C. during

D. above

实践：

1. Mr Williams will visit our school again some _______ day.

A. the other

B. another

C. an other

D. other

2. We shall never laugh _________ people when they are _______ trouble.

A. on, in

B. at, in

C. on, to

D. to, at

3. Thank you for your help._______.

A. You are welcome

B. It doesnt matter

C. You are kind

D. Its no need

4. To learn English well is not easy, ______ it is important for us.

A. and

B. so

C. or

D. but

5. Must I get there before eight?No, you______.

A. cant

B. mustnt

C. neednt

D. must

6. My sister isnt there, she _______ to Beijing.

A. went

B. will go

C. has been

D. has gone

7. New factory _______ in our hometown next year.

A. build

B. will build

C. will be built

D. is building

8. I dont think he is doing his homework,______?

A. is he

B. isnt he

C. does he

D. dont I

9. I enjoyed _______ to school in the morning last year.

A. to run

B. run

C. runing

D. running

10. Sorry, Ive kept you ________ for a long time.

A. wait

B. waiting

C. to wait

D. waited

11. _______ mother told _______ an interesting story yesterday.

A. Mine, I

B. My, I

C. My, me

D. My, my

12. His grandma ______ in 1968. She has been _________ for years.

A. died, died

B. dead, died

C. dead, died

D. died, dead

13. The old man is _______ under the tree.

A. lying

B. lie

C. laying

D. to lie

14. He runs ________ than his classmates.

A. fastest

B. the fastest

C. fast

D. faster

15. The twins father is standing ________ them.

A. among

B. between

C. during

D. above