Unit8 Have you ever read Treasure Island yet?
Unit8 知识梳理
【重点词组】
1.on page 25 在第25页
2. the back of the book 书的背面
3. hurry up 赶快;匆忙
. in two weeks 在两周之内
5. go out to sea 出海
6. an island full of treasures 一个满是宝藏的岛屿
7. w rite about 写作关于的内容
8. finish doing sth. 做完某事
9. w ait for another ship 等待另一艘船到来
10. learn to do sth. 学会做某事
11. grow fruits and vegetables 种水果和蔬菜
12. a few weeks ago 几个星期前
13. the marks of another man s feet 另一个人的脚印
14. not long after that 不久之后
15. run towards sp. 跑向某地
16. use...to do sth. 用来做某事
17. signs left behind by someone 某人留下的标记
18. read the newspaper 看报
19. science fiction 科幻小说
20. can t w ait to do sth. 迫不及待地做某事
21. a good way to wake up 醒来的一个好办法
22. number of people 人数
23. used to do sth. (过去)常常做某事
24. study abroad 在国外学习
25. make sb. do sth. 使某人做某事
26. come to realize 开始意识到
27. ever since then 自从那时起
28. the southern states of America 美国的南部地区
29. belong to 属于
30. be kind to each other 善待彼此
31. trust one another 互相信任
32. the beauty of nature 大自然的美
33. have been to sp. 去过某地
34. do some research on sth. 对做研究
35. hope to do sth. 希望做某事
36. see sb. do sth. 看到某人做某事
37. the firs t line in the song歌曲的第一行
38. enjoy success in享受的成功
39. at the end of the day傍晚的时候
【重点句型】
1. Have you read little Women yet? 你读过《小妇人》吗?
Yes,I have. /No,I havent. 是的，我读过。/ 不，我没有。
2. Has Tina read Treasure Island yet?
蒂娜读过《金银岛》这本书吗?
Yes, she has. She thinks i t s fantastic.
是的，她读过。她觉得它很棒。
3. Would you like something to drink?
你要来点喝的吗?
4. I heard you lost your key.
我听说你丢钥匙了。
5.She came to realize how much she actually missed all of them.
她开始意识到，事实上她是多么想念他们所有的人。
【语法讲解】
现在完成时 (Present Perfect Tense)
(1)表示过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果。
Its so dark. 太黑了。
Someone has turned off the light. 有人把灯关上了。
(2)表示从过去某一时间开始并一直持续到现在的动作或状态。
常与since+过去的时间点，for+一段时间，since+时间段+ego, so far等时间状语连用。
Eg. I have lived here for ten years.我已经住在这里10年了。(从10年前开始，持续到现在还住这儿)
Eg. I have lived here since 2003. 自从2003年我就住在这儿。(从2003年开始，持续到现在还住这儿)
(3) 基本结构及句型转换：主语+have/has+过去分词(done) (当主语是第三人称单数has,其余人称用have。)
①肯定句：主语+have/has+过去分词+其他 I have finished my homework. (肯定句)
②否定句：主语+have/has+not+过去分词+其他 I have not finished my homework. (否定句)
③一般疑问句：Have/Has+主语+过去分词+其他
Have you finished your homework?
Yes, I have. / No, I havent, (一般疑问句及肯定、否定回答)
(4)has gone (to), has been (to), has been (in) 的区别
? Have/Has gone(to) :去了(现在不在说话现场)
Eg. ---Where is your father?
---He has gone to Shanghai.
? Have/Has been (to) :去过(已不在去过的地方)
Eg. My father has been to Shanghai.
? Have/has been in：呆了多久(还在所呆的地方)
Eg. My father has been in Shanghai for two months. =My father has been in Shanghai since two months ago.
(5)现在完成时的标志：
①常与just, already, yet, ever, never, before, so far 等连用，强调动作的完成，不强调动作的持续。
Have you ever been to Japan? I have just finished my homework.
②for + 时间段;since + 过去的时间点;since + 段时间 ago;since + 一般过去时的句子。
They have known each other for five years. Since he was a child, he has lived in England.
(6)动词过去式和过去分词的变化
规则变化：1. 一般在动词词尾直接加ed。如：pick picked picked; wish wished wished; stay stayed stayed
2. 以不发音的e结尾的动词后面加d。如：like liked liked; hope hoped hoped; phone phoned phoned
3. 以―辅音字母 + y‖结尾的动词，变y为i，再加-ed。如：study studied studied; hurry hurried hurried; reply replied replied
4. 词尾只有一个辅音字母的重读闭音节动词，要双写辅音字母，再加-ed。如：stop stopped stopped; clap clapped clapped
不规则变化：
5. 以不变应万变。如：let let put put read read read
6. 若中间有双写e，则去掉一个e，单词末尾再加t。如：
feel felt keep kept sleep slept slept
7. 结尾的字母d变t。如：lend lent build built built; send sent sent
8. 变为以-ought或-aught结尾。如：buy bought bought;
bring brought brought; catch caught caught; teach taught taught
【话题写作】
请你根据下表中所提供的信息以Learn to express thanks为题，用英语写一篇演讲稿。
背 景
1.认为上中学时吃好穿好是应该的;
2.走向社会后没有感恩意识。
学会感恩
1.感谢社会提供良好的教育机会;
2.感谢父母供养自己上学;
3.感谢老师传授知识;
4.感谢朋友的鼓励与帮助。
参考词汇：enter society 进入社会， sense of thanks 感恩意识， behavior 行为
要求：
1.短文应包括所提供的所有内容，可以适当发挥，不要简单翻译;
2.演讲稿中不得出现真实的人名、地名及能够透露你个人身份的信息;
3.词数：80词左右。开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
参考范文：
Good morning, boys and girls!
The topic of my speech today is Learn to express thanks. We find some students want to eat well and wear fashionable clothes at school. When they leave school and enter society, they dont know how to show any sense of thanks.
I think this behavior is not correct. As students, we should learn to express thanks. The society offers us a chance to receive good education. And our parents also support us to go to school. Our teachers teach us much knowledge, so we should thank them. We should also thank our friends because they can always give us courage and help.
In the future, we should never forget our society, parents, teachers and friends. At present, we should study harder to make our world more beautiful. Thank you for your listening!
01
词汇讲解
1. finish doing
finish意为完成，结束，作及物动词时，其后可跟名词、代词或动名词。即：finish sth.或finish doing sth.。例如：
I finished my homework this morning.
我今天上午做完了作业。
When did you finish drawing the picture?
你什么时候画完那副画的？
Can you finish reading this book tomorrow?
明天你能读完这本书吗？
【拓展】
能接v.-ing作宾语的动词还有：practice; enjoy; mind; keep等。
practice doing sth. 练习做某事
enjoy doing sth.喜欢做某事
mind doing sth.介意做某事
keep doing sth. 一直做某事 例如：
In my class, most of the students enjoy singing English songs.
在我们班，大多数学生喜欢唱英语歌。
Do you mind opening the window? 你介意打开窗户吗？
2. finally
finally是副词，多修饰动态动词，位置较灵活，可位于句中、句首或句尾，位于句中时，要放在be动词、助动词和情态动词之后，行为动词之前。例如：
They finally found the lost child. 他们终于找到了丢失的孩子。
He worked out the math problem finally. 他终于解出了那道数学题。
【拓展】finally; at last和in the end的辨析：
(1) finally强调在列举论点时，引出最后一个内容，有表示盼望已久的事情终于实现了的含义。侧重最后的结果。例如：
They talked about it for hours, finally they decided not to go.
他们为此讨论了几个小时，最后决定不去了。
(2) at last强调经过曲折后才达到目的。表示期待的感情更为强烈。侧重指先后顺序，并且在句中的位置较为灵活。例如：
When they found him at last, he was almost dead.
当他们最终找到他时，他几乎死过去了。
(3) in the end在强调经过许多变化、困难之后才达到目的时，与at last的用法一样，且位置较为灵活。但在表示对将来的结局表示预测时，只能用in the end。例如：
He tried many different jobs, and in the end he became a postman.
他做过许多工作，最后当了一名邮递员。
3. remind
(1) remind是及物动词，意思是提醒、使某人想起，经常和介词of连用，构成动词短语remind sb. of sb. / sth.＝remind sb. that＋从句，意思是使某人想起某事或者某人。例如：
Does that song remind you of your mother?
那首歌使你想起你的妈妈吗？
(2) 动词短语remind sb. to do sth. 的意思是提醒某人做某事。例如：
Please remind me to return the books to the library.
请提醒我把这些书还给图书馆。
4. sound stupid
sound在此是系动词，意为听起来，后面接形容词作表语。例如：
The song sounds wonderful! 那首歌听起来太精彩了！
The music sounds beautiful. 这首音乐听起来很美。
【拓展】
类似sound这种用法的词还有：feel(摸起来，感觉)；smell(闻起来)；look(看起来)；taste(品尝)等。例如：
The food tastes delicious. 食物尝起来很美味。
I feel so happy today. Mum will buy me a new bike.
我今天很高兴，妈妈要为我买辆新自行车。
The old man looks very happy. 那个老人看起来很幸福。
These flowers smell very sweet. 这些花闻起来很香。
The tomatoes feel very soft. 这些西红柿摸起来很软。
【注意】smell; look等系动词不同于系动词be，它们在变疑问句或否定句时不能简单地提到主语之前或加not，而是要通过助动词do/does/ did等来帮助实现。例如：
Does it smell nice? 它闻起来很好吗？
The chicken doesnt taste good. 鸡肉尝起来不好。
How do the children look? 孩子们看起来怎么样？
5. get married
(1) get married意为结婚。若问某人是否结婚，而不涉及结婚的对象，可用be / get married的形式，相当于系表结构。例如：
你结婚了吗？
【误】 Do you marry?/ Have you married?
【正】 Are you married?/ Have you got married?
(2) be / get married to sb. 意为与某人结婚。例如：
Alice was married to a doctor last month.
上个月爱丽丝和一位医生结婚了。
【拓展】
marry既可用作及物动词，也可用作不及物动词，意为结婚；嫁；娶；与结婚等。常见用法如下：
(1) marry sb.意为与结婚。例如：
John married Mary last week.
上星期约翰和玛丽结婚了。
(2) marry sb. to sb.意为把某人嫁给某人。例如：
She married her daughter to a businessman.
她把女儿嫁给了一位商人。
(3) marry 一般不与介词with 连用。
她和一位英国人结了婚。
【误】She married with an Englishman.
【正】She married an Englishman.
【正】She was / got married to an Englishman.
6. along
along作介词，意为沿着，课本中的along the way意为沿路。例如：
There are trees all along the road.
沿着这条路从头到尾都有树。
【拓展】along；across与through的辨析：
(1) along意为沿着，指沿着一条直线在水平方向上运动。例如：
I saw him running along the road.
我看见他正沿着这条路跑。
(2) across意为横过，穿过，主要表示从某物的表面横过。例如：
He walked across the road carefully.
他小心地走过马路。
(3) through意为横过，穿过，表示从某个空间或内部穿过。例如：
He walked through the forest alone.
他独自一人走过森林。
7. maybe
maybe作副词，意为也许；大概。例如：
Maybe he is a teacher. 也许他是个老师。
【拓展】辨析：maybe与may be
(1) maybe是副词，主要用于非正式场合，口语中常用。意为也许，大概。它通常放在句子的开头，在句子中作状语。例如：
Maybe they wont come here tonight.
他们大概今晚不会来这儿。
Maybe she is happy.
也许她是幸福的。
(2) may be是情态动词may+动词原形be构成的，在句中做谓语，意为可能是、大概是。例如：
She may be at home. 她可能在家。（也可以说：Maybe she is at home.）
You may be right. 你可能是对的。（也可以说：Maybe you are right.）
8. be made of
be made of 意为由制成，强调从制成品中仍可以看出原材料。
The desk is made of woods. 桌子是由木头制成的。
【拓展】
be made 后接不同的介词，具有不同的意义。
(1) be made from意为用制成，强调从制成品中看不出原材料。
Books are made from woods. 书是由木头制成的。
(2) be made in 意为由制造（生产），强调生产地点，in后只接地点的名词。
The kind of watch is made in Shanghai. 这种手表是在上海制造的。
(3) be made up of 意为由组成或由构成， 强调由多种成分、团体、成员或单位等组成或构成。
Our class is made up of twenty-eight girls and sixteen boys.
我们班由二十八个女孩和十六个男孩组成。
(4) be made into意为把制成，注意表示原材料的词作句子的主语，表示制成品的词作介词into的宾语。
Glass can be made into all kinds of beautiful things.
玻璃可以制成各种各样漂亮的物品。
练一练：
I. 英汉互译。
1. as soon as ___________________
2. 似乎很可能___________________
3. 结婚___________________
4. 听起来愚蠢___________________
5. make a plan ___________________
6. along the way ___________________
7. because of ___________________
8. finish doing sth. ___________________
9. hear sb. doing sth. ___________________
10. 从前___________________
II. 根据句意及首字母和汉语提示写出所缺单词。
1. Thanks for your gift, it r________ me of you.
2. If you want to show your kindness, you can ______(微笑) at others.
3. The Monkey King always tries to fight bad people and help the w_____.
4. She spent the ______(整个的) evening finishing the task.
5. How s_______ you are! The question is very easy.
6. It not right to ________(欺骗) others.
7. Look, the sun is s________ through the window.
8. The shirt does not _______(适合) me. Its too large for me.
9. The b________ boy saved a little girl by jumping into the cold river.
10. The man asked his girlfriend to _____(嫁) him.
III. 用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。
1. In some _________(west) countries, the song is very popular.
2. The T-shirt is _________(make) of cotton.
3. When I passed the classroom last night, I heard someone _____(talk) loudly.
4. After graduation from the University, he got ______(marry) to a girl.
5. He only laughed at us instead of _______(give) us a hand.
6. Once upon a time, there _______(be) an old man named Yu Gong.
7. We plan _____(go) out for a picnic next weekend.
8. The boy was _____(lose) and he couldnt find his mother.
9. He _____(call) me as soon as he arrives in Beijing.
10. He had _____(such) many falls that he was black and blue all over.
参考答案：
I. 英汉互译。
1. 一就 2. seem very possible
3. get married 4. sound stupid 5. 制定一个计划
6. 沿路 7. 因为 8. 完成做某事
9. 听见某人正在做某事 10. once upon a time
II. 根据句意及首字母和汉语提示写出所缺单词。
1. reminds 2. smile 3. weak
4. whole 5. stupid 6. cheat
7. shining 8. fit 9. brave 10. marry
III. 用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。
1. western 2. made 3. talking
4. married 5. giving 6. was
7. to go 8. lost 9. will call 10. so
02
句式精讲
1. As soon as the man finish talking, Yu Gong said that his family
as soon as意为一就，引导时间状语从句。例如：
Please call back as soon as you arrive home.
请你一到家，就给我回电。
Ill write to you as soon as I get there.
我一到那儿就给你写信。
As soon as I went in, Katherine cried out with pleasure.
我一进门，Katherine 就高兴的叫起来。
【拓展】as soon as 引导的时间状语从句前后时态搭配：
(1) 主句为一般将来时，从句用一般现在时表示将来。例如：
He will come to my home as soon as he gets to Beijing.
他一到北京就来我家。
(2) 主句为一般过去时，从句也用一般过去时。例如：
He took out his English book as soon as he sat down.
他一坐下，就拿出他的英语书。
2. Finally, a god was so moved by Yu Gong that he sent two gods to take the mountains away.
sothat引导结果状语从句，意为如此以至于，此句型中，so是副词，常用来修饰形容词或副词。常用句型为：主语+谓语+ so+ adj./adv. + that从句。例如：
Our teacher is so kind that all of us like him.
我们的老师是如此好心以至于我们都喜欢他。
He runs so fast that nobody in my class can catch up with him.
他跑得那么快，我们班没有人能追上他。
【拓展】如此以至于归纳：
(1) so + 形容词 + a/an + 单数名词 + that从句 = such + a/an + 形容词 + 单数名词+ that从句。例如：
It was so fine a day yesterday that we all went out for a picnic. = It was such a fine day yesterday that we all went out for a picnic.
昨天天气很好，我们都出去野餐了。
(2) such + 形容词 + 复数名词/不可数名词 + that从句。例如：
They are such good students that the teacher likes them.
他们都是很好的学生，老师喜欢他们。
It was such fine weather yesterday that we went swimming.
昨天天气很好，我们去游泳了。
(3)当that前的名词有表示数量多少的many, much, few, little等修饰时，只能用so，不能用such。例如：
There was so much noise outside that we couldnt hear the teacher.
外面嘈杂声很大，以致我们不能听到老师的话。
He had so many falls that he was black and blue all over.
他跌了这么多的跤，以致全身青一块、紫一块的。
3. It doesnt seem very possible to move a mountain.
seem此处作连系动词，意为似乎；好像，后跟形容词作表语。可以和seem to be相互转换。例如：
He seems very angry. = He seems to be very angry.
他好像非常生气。
【拓展】
(1) 主语 + seem + (to be) +表语，表语多为名词或形容词，以说明主语的特征或状态。例如：
Tom seems (to be) a very clever boy. Tom
看上去是一个非常聪明的男孩。
Mr. Black seemed to be quite happy.
Black先生好像十分快乐。
(2) 主语 + seem + 不定式，此句型中，seem与不定式一起构成复合谓语。例如：
Mrs. Green doesnt seem to like the idea.
格林夫人似乎不太喜欢这个主意。
The children seemed to be eating something in the room.
孩子们好像正在房间里吃东西呢。
(3) It seems + that从句，其中it是形式主语，that引导主语从句。例如：
It seems that no one knows what has happened in the park.
似乎没有人知道在公园里发生了什么事。
It seems to me that Mr. Brown will not come again.
在我看来布朗先生不会再来了。
(4) There + seem to be + 名词，to be可省略，seem的单复数要由后面的名词决定。例如：
There doesnt seem to be much hope of our beating that team.
看来我们战胜那个队没有多大希望。
There seems no need to wait longer. 看来没有再等的必要了。
4. ...whats possible unless you try to make it happen.
unless是连词，引导条件状语从句，意为除非；如果不；除了，常引导一个否定意义的真实条件句，有时也可引导非真实条件句。unless引导的条件状语从句中的谓语动词常用一般现在时代替一般将来时。主要用于下列情况：
(1) 主句为肯定句：
You will miss the bus unless you hurry up.
你要不快点就会错过班车。
Youll fail in chemistry again unless you work harder.
如果你不再加把劲，你化学考试还会不及格。
(2) 主句为否定句：
One cant learn a foreign language unless he studies hard.
不下苦功夫是学不好外语的。
I will not go unless I hear from him.
如果我不收到他的来信，我就不去。
【拓展】unless与ifnot的辨析：
unless与ifnot都表否定，连接条件状语从句时，通常可互换。
Ill go there unless it rains. = Ill go there if it doesnt rain. 我会去那儿，除非下雨。（如果不下雨，我就去。）
只能用ifnot的情况
表示由于未发生B而发生A时
Id be glad if she doesnt come this evening. 如果今天晚上她不来，我将很高兴。
引导虚拟条件句时
If she werent so silly, she would understand. 如果她不那么傻，她就会明白了。
5. Did you hear our stepmother planning to kill us?
hear sb. doing sth.表示听到某人正在做某事（正在进行）。例如：
I heard him singing when I walked past the shop.
昨天我路过商店时，听见他正在唱歌。
【拓展】
(1) hear sb. do sth.表示听到某人经常做某事或做某事的全过程（已完成）。例如：
I usually hear someone sing in her room.
我经常听到有人在她房间里唱歌。
(2) hear of意为听说，后面接名词，代词或动名词。例如：
I have never heard of him.
我从来没有听说过他。
(3) hear from sb.意为收到某人的来信，与receive a letter from sb.意思相同。例如：
I heard from my mother yesterday.
= I received a letter from my mother yesterday.
昨天我收到了妈妈的来信。
练一练：
I. 根据汉语提示，完成英语句子（每空一词）。
1. 我喜欢这些照片，它们能使我想起乡下的生活。
I like these photos and they can _____ me _____ the life in the country.
2. 他们将在下个星期六结婚。
They will ________ ________ next Saturday.
3. 我去是去，可是得晚一点。
Im certainly going, but Ill be _____ _______ _______ late.
4. 我1985年出生。
I _________ ________ in 1985.
5. 这件外套不适合你。
This coat _______ _________ ________ you.
6. 如果我不做，我们就会迷路。
________ I do, well be lost.
7. 人类是世界上最聪明的生物。
Human being are the most clever living creature in _________ _______ ________.
8. 这台机器是金属制造的。
The machine _______ _______ _______ metal.
9. 彼得太累了以至于直到八点半才醒来。
Peter was so tired that he ______ ________ _____ ______ half past eight.
10. 上周那只熊猫产了一只幼崽。
Last week the panda _______ _______ ______ a baby.
II. 同义句转换。
1. How do you like the movie?
________ do you ________ ________ the movie?
2. The teacher seemed angry.
________ ________ ________ the teacher was angry.
3. They got married three months ago.
They ________ _______ ______ for three months.
4. He is so young that he cant take care of himself.
He is _______ young ______ take care of himself.
5. The panda is kind of cute.
The panda is ______ ______ ______ cute.
III. 补全对话。
A: Sally, are you free tomorrow evening?
B: 1
A:Why not go to the movies?
B: 2 I like seeing movies very much.
A: 3
B: Well, I like comedies because they are funny. What about you?
A: I like them, too. I hear Mr. Bean is on. 4
B: Sure. Lets meet at seven oclock tomorrow evening.
A: Oh, its a little earlier.
B: 5
A: OK. See you tomorrow evening.
B: See you.
1. _____ 2. _____ 3. _____ 4. _____ 5. _____
A. Thats a good idea. B. Yes, I am.
C. Im afraid I have no time.
D. How about half past seven?
E. What kind of movies do you like?
F. Where will we meet?
G. Would you like to go to the movies with me?
参考答案：
I. 根据汉语提示，完成英语句子（每空一词）。
1. remind; of 2. get married 3. a little bit
4. was born 5. doesnt fit for 6. Unless
7. the whole world 8. is made of
9. didnt wake up until 10. gave birth to
II. 同义句转换。
1. What；think of 2. It seemed that
3. have been married 4. too; to 5. a little bit
III. 补全对话。
1-5 BAEGD