2019年初中英语语法重点之形容词

新一轮中考复习备考周期正式开始，查字典中考网为各位初三考生整理了中考五大必考学科的知识点，主要是对初中三年各学科知识点的梳理和细化，帮助各位考生理清知识脉络，熟悉答题思路，希望各位考生可以在考试中取得优异成绩！下面是《2019年初中英语语法重点之形容词》，仅供参考！

形容词：用来说明或修饰名词、代词的词称为形容词。

1、形容词的句法作用：

作句子中名词的定语、句子的表语以及宾语补足语。

2、形容词在句子中的位置：

⑴作定语时放在名词的前面,且音节少的词放在音节多的词之前。如：a big yellow wooden wheel(一个黄色的大木轮)

⑵作表语时放在连系动词之后。如：The price sounds reasonable.(这个价格听起来算是合理)

⑶作宾语补足语时放在宾语之后。如：We must try our best to keep our environment clean.(我们必须尽力保持我们的环境清洁)

⑷后置的情况：

①修饰复合不定代词时放在代词之后。如：Something serious has happened to him.(他发生了严重的事故)

②与表示长、宽、高、重、老、远离的词连用时形容词后置。如：Hes 1.8 metres tall.(他身高1.8米。)The moon is about 380,000 kilometres away from the earth.(月球离地38万公里)

3、有关形容词的用法辨析：

⑴ whole与all：记住两个词序：① the whole + 名词； ②all (of) the + 名词。如：He was busy the whole morning.(整个早晨他都很忙) / He can remember all the words he learns.(他能记住学过的所有单词)

⑵ tall与high, short与low：指人的个子时用tall与short；指其他事物时一般用high与low。如：Hes very tall/short.(他个子高/矮) / Tall trees are standing on both sides of that avenue.(大道的两侧有高大的树木) / A few people live on high mountains.(少量的人住在高山上)

⑶ real与true：real一般指东西的真假,译为真的；而true则指事情或消息的可靠性,译为真实的。如：This is a real diamond(钻石) and its very expensive.(这是货真价实的钻石,非常贵) / --Is that true?Yes. I heard it with my own ears.(那真实吗？ 是的,我亲耳所听)

⑷ interested与interesting的区别：interesting指人或东西有趣的,作定语或表语,而interested则表示人对别的事物感兴趣的,只能作表语。如：The man is very interesting and all the children like him. (这个人很有趣,孩子们都喜欢他)/ This book is interesting and you can really enjoy yourself.(这本书很有趣,你会真正获得享受) / I am interested in science.(我对自然科学感兴趣)

⑸ such用法： such + a(n) + 名词(单数)(+that从句)。如：I have never seen such a foolish(愚蠢的) boy.(我从来没有见过这么蠢的男孩) / He had such a terrible accident that he could never forget it.(他遭遇了这么可怕的事故,他永远也不会忘记)

⑹ good与well：表示好时,作定语或表语用good,作状语用well；表示(身体)好时用well.如：Doing sports is good for us.(进行运动对我们有益) / Study well and make progress every day.(好好学习,天天向上) / --How are you?I am very well.(你好吗？我很好。)

⑺ nice与fine的区别：nice表示令人愉快的,可以指东西、人物外表等；fine一般指身体或天气好。如：Lets go and share(分享) the nice cake.(我们去分享那块美味的蛋糕吧) / She is a nice girl.(他是个漂亮的姑娘) / What a fine day!(多好的天气！) /Hes finerecently(最近).(近来他身体不错)

⑻ too much与much too：too much表示太多的,修饰事物数量；much too表示太过,过分,修饰形容词或副词。如：I am full because I have had too much rice.(我饱了,因为我吃了太多的米饭) / That coat is much too dear.(那件大衣太贵了)

⑼ quick、fast与soon：quick与fast基本同义,quick往往指反应速度快,fast往往指运动速度快,而soon则表示时间上很快即将发生。如：After a quick breakfast, he hurried to school leaving his bag at home.(匆匆地吃过早饭,他朝学校赶去,却把书包忘记在家) / A train is much faster than a bus.(火车比公共汽车快得多) / His father will be back toChinavery soon.(他父亲很快就要返回中国)

⑽lonely与alone：lonely是表示心理活动的形容词,意思是：孤独的,寂寞的,作定语或表语；alone的意思是：独自的,单独的,指无人陪伴,仅作表语,(作为副词的alone可作状语)。如：He lives alone but he doesnt feel lonely.(他一人独住,但是并不感到孤独)/ He is a lonely person. You can not easily get on well with him.(他是个孤独的人,你要和他相处好实在不易)

⑾ other与else的区别：两个词都可以作形容词,但是用法不同,other放在名词前；else修饰不定代词、疑问词、little、much,后置,另外,or else表示否则,是连词。如：The other students are on the playground.(其他学生在操场上) / Who else can work out this maths problem?(还有谁能解出着道数学题？) / This is nobody elses money. Its mine.(这不是别的什么人的钱,是我的。) / Do you have anything else to say for yourself?(你还有什么要为自己说的吗？

⑿ special与especial的区别：表示事件不同寻常、过分或特殊时,两个词可互换,但special较为常用。另外,special还可以表示特别的目的。如： She pays (e)special attention to clothes.(她非常注重着装) / These are special chairs for small children.(这些是专门给小孩子的椅子)

⒀ gone、lost、missing的区别：gone表示丢了,没了,含一去不复返的意思,也可以表示死了,作表语或宾补,不可以作定语；lost表示丢失,含难以找回的意思,可作定语、表语或宾补；missing表示失踪了,不见了,强调某人物不在原处,可作定语、表语或宾补。如：My fever(高烧) is gone, but I still have a cough.(发烧消退了,但我仍然咳嗽) / The parents found the lost child at last.(家长终于找到了迷路的孩子) / My dictionary is missing.Whos taken it away?(我的字典不见了,谁拿走了？) / For more detailed information(详情) of the missing girls, please visit our website(网址).(如果想知道失踪女孩们的详情,请访问我们的网站)

⒁ living、alive、live、lively的区别：四个词都来源于动词live生活、居住。

living读[liviN]有三个意思：①活着的、现存的,作表语或定语,②一模一样的、逼真的,③相当于lively,意思是强烈的、活泼的；

live读[laiv],指东西活的,可以替换为living；

alive读[[laiv]作表语,指人活着的,如果作定语,则放在名词的后面；

lively读[laivli]有三个意思：①有生气的、活泼的、快活的,②(色彩)鲜艳的,③生动的、真实的。

例如：A living language should be learned orally(口头上).(活的语言应该从口头上学)(被动句) / We have a living hope that you will succeed.(我们强烈地希望你能成功) / Is she still alive?(她还活着吗？) / They are the happiest children alive.(他们是活着的最开心的孩子) / This is a live fish.(这是条活鱼) / A live wire(电线) is dangerous.(有电的电线是危险的) / She is as lively as a kitten(小猫).(她像小猫一样可爱) / He gave a livelydescription of the football match.(他生动地描述了那场足球赛)

⒂ sick与ill区别：sick和ill都表示生病的,但是,sick可以做定语、表语,而ill只能做表语。如：He has been ill/sick for a long time and he is very weak now.(他病了很久,现在非常虚弱) / Vets help treat sick pets and most of the pets owners like them.(兽医帮助诊治患病的宠物,很受宠物主人们的喜爱)

⒃ the poor(穷人们) / the rich(富人们)等用法：the+形容词这一结构可以表示一类人物,复数含义。如：We must try our best to help the poor.(我们应该尽力帮助穷人们) / The rich never know how the poor are living.(有钱人哪知穷人怎么过日子)